Purdom - Family History & Genealogy Message Board

Re: Minnie Belle Purdom , Arkansas

partaij99 — 2009-10-21 00:18:07Z

Two Photos.

One of Minnie Belle and Golda probably in the late 20's early 30's.

Other one is a photo my Mom has that Minnie Belle sent her sister Golda. Looks like Juanita was a young teenager so early 40's maybe? On the back it says: "Golda, here is the kid & the crate we drive."

Re: Minnie Belle Purdom , Arkansas

partaij99 — 2009-10-20 22:49:29Z

Hi Dave, I am sooooo glad to find you. I've been looking for Minnie Belle for ages and I only have one photo of her, very young and one photo of your mother. I have tons of info on my tree. what are you looking for? I would love some photos.

My email is partaij99 at yahoo.com and I live in Orlando. Are you in California and have you been doing genealogy long?

A lot of Minnie Belle's ancestors, sisters, brothers, aunts, uncles, grandparents, etc...are buried in Arkansas.

Minnie Belle's sister, Golda, was my grandmother and my grandfather (her husband) always told me that I reminded him of Minnie Belle.

Email me at the above and I will see what I can give you.

Thanks so much for contacting me.

Jan Partain

Re: Minnie Belle Purdom , Arkansas

jwa157 — 2009-10-20 20:45:04Z

Minnie Belle Purdom (Vincent) was my grandmother. Juanita was my mother.

I am looking for others in my family, from the Purdom family and the Nicholas family my birth grandfather. Vincent was my step grandfather.

Any help would be appriciated.

Dave

Re: Lulie Bell PURDOM m. John Harlan CHRISTIE

toddschmod — 2009-09-09 02:26:26Z

Sue Turpin Hayes, can you email me your information on Lulie Bell Purdom? My info was obviously inaccurate, and I would love to clean up my records with your help. I'm at toddschmod@sbcglobal.net

thanks

Eales Coundon Co. Durham

GillianRussell34 — 2009-05-06 16:38:39Z

Hi I'm looking for anyone who knows anything about the Eales. I have Ralph Eales B:1821 and D:1880 he was married to Dinah Raw B:1824 and D:1866 son Anthony B:1858and married Jane Swales B:1863. They had 11 children and I would like to know what happened to them. We know Alice married Frederick Mullinder and we think Maud married someone called Williams, but would like to know more.

Re: Photographs of Purdoms living in Northern England abt. 1945

GillianRussell34 — 2009-05-06 00:38:12Z

Hi Fiona
Could you please send me copy of photo's of Purdoms.
Thankyou my mother ws a Purdom and we can't find much about her family.
Gillian

Looking for Purdoms from Van Alstyne, Texas

beau86 — 2009-03-11 02:07:43Z

Looking for Purdoms from Van Alstyne Texas - if your one please email me at beauandbrandi13@aol.com Thanks

Re: Wm. H. PURDOM - Franklin Co., TN > Van Alstyne, Texas

beau86 — 2009-03-11 02:06:24Z

Hey everyone - I am looking to get in touch with any purdoms from Van Alstyne Texas - please email me at beauandbrandi13@aol.com

Re: PURDOMs in Arkansas

partaij99 — 2009-03-02 02:20:57Z

Thank you that would be great. Is that mary Hendrick married to John Wallace Purdom?

Do you know where your Aunt Lula got the book on Marcus Purdom? I would be happy to pay for copies.

The site I think you mean is a NC Marriage Bonds 1741-1868 Marcus Purdom marriage to Polly Bittator

Thank you. You can email me at partaij99@yahoo.com

Jan

Re: PURDOMs in Arkansas

get157 — 2009-03-02 02:19:22Z

mary was married to William W. Purdom's John Wallace's brother. Mary and William had six children. William died in 1910 Marion Co., Arkansas. Mary married August 24, 1916 Marion Co. AR Jonas James Acord. Mary married her brother in law John Wallace by 1930. They were married when John Wallace died January 13, 1943. If you email me get@yellville.net I will send you Mary OBIT. This site will not accept my attachments. Grace

Link from Washington H Purdom to William H Purdom TN - TX

beau86 — 2009-01-16 00:56:32Z

Hey everyone , I am looking to see if there is a link between the Purdoms ( Washington Hayward Purdom ) in Marshall TN , and the Purdoms ( John Wiley Purdom / William Howard Purdom ) from Franklin TN . We both moved to North Texas just a county apart , and it looks like we lived in TN just a county apart. any info would be great. Thanks

Purdums from Maryland/California/Ohio

barmer60 — 2008-10-15 20:01:17Z

I would like to connect with the Purdums of Illinois, Ohio, Nebeaska, Kansas, California, etc. I have been filling in relatives begining with
John b. c1690
James b. c1720
John D. b. Nov 9,1739
Joshua b. Nov 21,1767
John Lewis b. Dec 27, 1798
Joshua Hinkle b. Nov 21 1833
William Fredrick b. May 1, 1901
my mother
me

Any relatives please contact me, Barbara from Alabama, at Barmer60@Bellsouth.net

Re: Wm. H. PURDOM - Franklin Co., TN > Van Alstyne, Texas

dianath5k — 2008-06-17 05:12:35Z

I am looking for the family of Walter Columbus Sanders And Josephine Pyles, Childrens names are;Walter,Josephine,jim,herbert,helen,grace,gladys edith,donald and evelyn also george who was my father.He passed away last june at the age of 86.please contact me at SheilaVenegas@yahoo.com

Minnie Belle Purdom , Arkansas

partaij99 — 2008-05-21 18:04:42Z

I am looking for any information on Minnie Belle Purdom
b. 7 Aug 1907, Arkansas (Stone CO?)
m. 1 Apr 1933, Oklahoma to Clyde Vincent
d. 11 Mar 1983 Sacramento, CA

1910 Census Calf Creek, Searcy, AR
1920 Census Locust Grove, Stone, AR

Minnie and Clyde had no children however it is believed Minnie had one daughter prior to her marriage to Clyde. Possible name for daughter Junita, Juanita. Possible foather Selmar Powell but not known.

Any help would be appreciated. Thank you.

Jan

Re: PURDOMs in Arkansas

get157 — 2008-05-19 18:36:44Z

I meant to state John Purdom,Sr. died in 1762. I have been in touch with Wanda Lea Farris by mail. I have been given some Obit from the Stone Co. Purdom. I have found the Obit for Mary Hendricks Purdom. Did you want this? My aunt Lula Purdom Weaver has Marcus Purdom and his discendant book. There is a site on ancestry.com which show Mary "Polly" Purdom who married Marcus Purdom last name as Billiter. It gives the same wedding date as we have December 30, 1814 Stokes Co., North Carolina. The Billiter ended up in the same reason as the Purdom too.

Re: PURDOMs in Arkansas

partaij99 — 2008-05-19 02:50:07Z

Hello,

Thomas Willard Purdom is also my g.g. Grandfather. I descended through James Thomas Purdom and Golda Gladys Purdom who was my grandmother.

I am new to Ancestry.com and am getting my feet wet. Hard to tell what's fact and what's not. I was interested in seeing if you have researched BACK from Marcus Purdom? My Uncle has done much reserch and wrote a 50+/- page booklet on the Purdoms from Stone County Arkansas but did Marcus Purdom forward so I don't have much going back. Also, he referenced a book called "Marcus Purdom and His Descendants" that a lady by the name of Mable Kirkland Bottom from KY wrote about 1987 and wondered if you'd heard of it or new where I could get a copy.

She mentions in there that John Purdom came over from Wales/England in 1765 to NC along with one brother Thomas who went to VA. If your dates are right then they were still children. I had John married to an Elvaria McKinney but you are probably right. The only thing that doesn't make sense to me is John Sr's death in 1862.

I would be happy to help you with anything if I can but I can't imagine that I have something you do not. I am so impressed with the depth and detail of just what you've written here.

Thank you.

Jan Partain
Orlando, FL

Re: Elvira McKINNEY m. PURDOM

CarolynHPappas — 2008-05-18 01:32:32Z

I have Elvira m to John Purdom, ch Wm Purdom m Mary McBride. Wm on down is proven; but have no proof that John is father of Wm (Surry/Stokes Co NC) Sorry have nothing on McKinney at this time

Re: Elvira McKINNEY m. PURDOM

prospectmary — 2008-05-12 22:55:32Z

what info do you need for james ellis? we have a james evermam ellis in our tree. maybe he will be your james ellis.

Neal living with Mays

rosesnivys4ever — 2007-11-13 03:43:40Z

130 Mays Joseph E. H M W 42 M OH OH OH
Almeda W F W 44 M OH OH OH
Bertha? Mae D F W 18 S OH OH OH
Homer M. S M W 15 S OH OH OH
Floyd E. S M W 12 S OH OH OH
Bert C. S M W 9 S OH OH OH
Mary A. D F W 6 S OH OH OH
Bersh N M W 16 S OH OH OH
Neal Lavanda M F W 60 M OH OH OH

Purdoms in KS & AR

Rachreeves — 2002-04-07 21:45:49Z

I am trying to find info on my grandfather, George Wallace Purdom who was born in KS and died in AR. He had a brother Frank and a sister Alberta. There was another brother Athel that spelled his name Purdome and he was in law enforcement in KS or MO in the 40s. Hope someone can help me. Thanks

Re: Purdoms in KS & AR

2004-12-29 20:59:12Z

My grandfather Jean Purdome was sheriff of Jackson County MO Kansas City about that time. I don't know much about his family but he was from Arkansas I think.

Re: Purdoms in KS & AR

richardserrano163 — 2007-09-24 21:54:16Z

gary....im doing some research on your grandfather, the sheriff in jackson county mo....can you call me at 202 824 8352....thx.

Re: PURDOMs in Arkansas

LarryandRach — 2007-05-06 01:06:20Z

I believe my John Purdom was born in 1805 in North Carolina. I show him and Elizabeth in IA on the 1850 census and then in MO on the 1860 census without Elizabeth but with Lerner B. Purdom which I believe to be Leonard B. Purdom b. 1851-52. I believe him to be my great grandfather that later moved to the Ft. Smith area of AR. If these fit anywhere in your line or you have information on them I would very much appreciate it. Thanks. Rachael Reeves

Re: PURDOMs in Arkansas

get157 — 2007-05-07 12:53:19Z

I believe your ancestor is Leonard Botsford Purdom, son of John and Elizabeth born October 1851 Van Buren Co. Iowa died September 17, 1932 Sebastian Co. Arkansas married Eunice Patrick. I believe John was the son of Elijah and Catherine Shepherd Baugh. Elijah was born October 8, 1774/1777 Stokes Co. North Carolina died November 12, 1846 Van Buren Co. Iowa. Catherine was born March 31, 1786 North Carolina died August 1860 Jackson Co. Missouri. They married July 28, 1802 Surry Co. North Carolina. Elijah was the brother of my g.g.greatgrandfather, Marcus Purdom. Their parents were John Purdom II born abt 1757 England died Surry Co. North Carolina and Mary Polly McKenney born McDowell Co. North Carolina died 1840 Kentucky. John Purdom II was the son of John died 1862 Wales ? and Dorcas

Re: PURDOMs in Arkansas

get157 — 2007-04-27 02:46:08Z

I am from the Purdoms of Marion Co. Arkansas. My great great grandfather was Thomas Willard Purdom born about 1827 North Carolina. He married Eliza Jane Pond and they had four son: William W.born March 25, 1855 Kentucky, John Wallace born September 5, 1857 Ky, Mark D. April 26, 1860 Ky, and James Thomas born September 5, 1863 Ky. Eliza Jane died October 5, 1865 Kentucky. Thomas Willard remarried to Nancy McAnelly and they had six children. I descended form John Wallace and Sarah Catherine (Boles) Purdom. I have done some research and will be happy to help you.

Re: PURDOMs in Arkansas

LarryandRach — 2007-03-10 03:04:32Z

Dear Brigette: I have Purdoms and Reeves both in my family line. My mother's maiden name was Purdom and the family was from AR. I don't know what your grandmother has against Purdoms but the ones that I have researched and known are fine people. Very well respected and hardworking. Of course, there's always people who march to a different drummer in the family and I'm sure the Purdoms are not immune to such people.
If I can help you in your research please let me know.
Rachael Reeves

Re: PURDOMs in Arkansas

BridgetteSpears — 2007-03-10 03:02:57Z

Hi Rachael!

I agree with you. I think my Grandma was just being a (you know what). From what I've found, I believe her father, Alva Purdom, may have been a preacher. From what I've gathered from family members, it is my understanding that she was kind of disowned from the family for her wild and crazy lifestyle...

I don't believe that my Purdom line resided in Arkansas for too long. It appears that most of them originated from North Carolina and Casey County, KY.

Does your line fall with any of mine?

John Purdom b. abt. 1767 North Carolina
Mark Purdom b. May 14, 1793 North Carolina
Thomas Purdom b. abt 1827
Mark D Purdom b. abt 1861
Alva "Sylvester" Purdom b. Jan 8, 1900. In a 1910 Census resided in Keeter, Marion County, Arkansas...

There is also a woman that has been very helpfull to me, some of her heritage falls in with the Purdom's as well, however, not with mine. I know she has a lot of info that might possibly help you. I can give you her email address if you like...

You can email me at hinkle729@hotmail.com.

Thanks,
Bridgette Spears

Re: Photographs of Purdoms living in Northern England abt. 1945

DavidBrown540 — 2007-03-02 03:51:23Z

Iam the grandson of margaret purdom born 1900 died 1959 in bothwell lanarkshire she married alexander brown can you help? thanks. p.s struggling

PURDOMs in Arkansas

BridgetteSpears — 2007-02-25 22:45:33Z

Strange....

For the last 4 months I've been making a family tree for both sides of my family... However, I'm having no luck at all on my Father's side of the family. (Strange People)

My Dad's mother's name is Nadine Wagers, my grandmother. She currently lives in Tahlaquah, Oklahoma. Her madien name was Purdom. Her mother's madien name was Sadie Reeves, which is my Great Grandmother..

I recently contacted my grandmother, Nadine, and I asked her for information about her father, my great-grandfather. All I knew was his last name was Purdom... She basically refused to tell me anything and gave me some crap about "you won't find anything about the Purdom's, they were all from Arkansas and a bunch of outlaws, just do your momma's side of the family and leave ours alone..."

Yeah, this is my grandma, psycho biooottchhh. Sorry... Just kind of upsets me. Never been close to that side of the family. They are kind of crazy and very selfish, self centered people. I just got the sense that she was trying to hide something because of her reaction, as if to say "stay out of my buisness"...

I do know that she divorced my grandfather for sometime and ran off with another man.. His name I do not know. Im not sure if she married him or they just lived together. I believe it was a year or more they resided together somewhere in Arkansas. After that, she returned to my grandpa in Oklahoma and they remarried and have been together ever since..

My Dad told me she ran off when he was 17 or 18 years old and left him and his brother with my grampa. My dad was born in 1954 I believe, or 56. So this would have occurred sometime in the early 70's.

Re: Oren PURDOM family, Nashville TN > Texas and beyond

2006-10-28 15:40:37Z

thank you sandy....i believe edgar is by grandfather's brother.......edgar lived in uvilda tx with bessie and louise,his son jessie died at a young age maybe(30) or so...orin's son,aubery died while enroute to nashville after visiting tx.age(17)..there were other children of orin and maggie,in age order, doris,ward,and lois...all are deceased but lois....

Re: Oren PURDOM family, Nashville TN > Texas and beyond

SandyTreepig — 2006-10-26 02:54:38Z

Oren PURDOM family, Nashville TN > Texas and beyond

2006-10-12 01:58:22Z

i am a decendent of oren purdom of nashville...his family split into the texas and beyond purdoms....can anyone help with background?

Another PURDOM message board

SandyTreepig — 2006-07-29 00:23:35Z

Don't forget the surname and location message boards at Genforum.genealogy.com/ For example...

The PURDOM board:

http://genforum.genealogy.com/purdom/

Perhaps someone on that board has posted info that connects with your ancestry. Do a keyword search by county name or given name.

Re: Sam PURDOM - Sherman, Texas

SandyTreepig — 2006-05-27 00:37:41Z

Sam Purdom's interment page is on Findagrave.com at:

http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=pu...;

or if that URL is too long, just type in Sam Douglas Purdom at the front door: http://www.findagrave.com

The data given on his memorial page is:

Birth: Feb. 25, 1880
Death: May. 18, 1969

Note: Married Ovie Stong 10/03/1909 . Father of Pauline, Eleanor, Marshall, Irene, Billy, Robert, Louise,Betty Ruth and Dorothy.

PURDOMs on Kentucky Death Records database

SandyTreepig — 2006-05-27 00:37:41Z

I found just under 100 PURDOMs listed on Rootsweb's free death records' search for the state of Kentucky, for the years 1911 - 2000, at this URL:

http://vitals.rootsweb.com/ky/death/search.cgi?o_xid=0022468...

Re: Lulie Bell PURDOM m. John Harlan CHRISTIE

2006-05-13 19:51:53Z

Carolyn: The headstones at Ryder Cemetary were as follows:
Mamie G. Purdom, b: 1893-1976 and Robert L. Purdom, 1879-1953;
Mary E. Purdom b: 12 May 1847 - d: 21 Oct 1912 and Wesley Purdom b: 25 Sep 1830 and d: 23 May 1913;
William Hardin Purdom 1876-1925;
Clelon Purdom 1847-1925;
Buena Bottom Purdom 1850-1919;
Mary Clay Purdom Johnson 1883-1913 and child, Elizabeth Purdom Johnson - only date 1902.
Elizabeth Purdom Avritt 1871-1933 and husb. Wm Thomas Avritt 1860-1939.
Lulie Purdom Christie b: 30 Jul 1873 - d: 22 Nov 1956 and husb. Wm Harrison Christie, b: 4 Apr 1914 - d: 23 Dec 1974.
We also went to the library in Lebanon and found several more Purdoms and dates and the names of the cemetaries where they were buried. Not sure how much more you want. Just let me know. Sue

Re: Lulie Bell PURDOM m. John Harlan CHRISTIE

2006-05-13 19:51:19Z

Yes, I would be very interested in receiving any information you got while in Lebanon and at the Ryder cemetary. Thanks so much Sue.

Re: Lulie Bell PURDOM m. John Harlan CHRISTIE

2006-05-13 19:51:05Z

Todd and Carolyn - I just visited in Lebanon KY last week and went to the Ryder Cemetary. The dates you give, Carolyn, are correct according to the tombstone. Very interesting visiting there - many Purdom stones and dates. Will be glad to share if you need them.

Re: Lulie Bell PURDOM m. John Harlan CHRISTIE

2006-05-13 19:50:49Z

Your G-Grandmother was my Grandmother. My father was William Harrison CHRISTIE, Purdom's youngest brother. The info I have says she was born on 30JUL1873 and died 22NOV1956 Marion Cty., Ky. She is buried in Ryder Cemetary in Lebanon in the PURDOM family plot. She married John Harlan CHRISTIE in 1904 in Marion Cty., KY and they had seven children. Grandmother Christie was one of five children born to Clellon PURDOM and Buena Vista BOTTOM. I will be happy to send you info I have found.

Re: Lulie Bell PURDOM m. John Harlan CHRISTIE

2006-05-13 19:50:24Z

Todd: Lulie Bell is my 1st cousin 3x removed. Our common ancestor is Marcus Purdom. Would be glad to share what information I have. My b'date for Lulie Bell is different from yours - and I suspect your date is right given that you are a closer ancestor. I have b: 30 Jul 1873, KY.; d: 22 Nov 1956. Her parents were: Clelon Purdom and Buena Vista Bottom. Let me know if I can help you.

Sue

Lulie Bell PURDOM m. John Harlan CHRISTIE

2006-05-13 19:49:55Z

Seeking info on my G-Grandmother, born 11-7-1874, died 3-12-1959. Married to John Harlan Christie, b. 3-5-1875, d. 10-8-1957. Father to Harlan 'Peg' Purdom Christie, b. 1-3-1913 in Kentucky, d. 4-29-1954 (GSW) in Indiana.

Re: Martha Mattie PURDUM b. 1861 Jackson Co., Kansas

2006-05-13 19:48:49Z

Dear June, I looked thru. my info, and here's what I have on a MARTHA. It doesn't exactly match what you have. Martha Ann FREEBORN m. Sidney Dennis PURDUM 26 Apr 1881. I have her born 12 Jan 1861 at Dean, Iowa, on a farm. She died 11 July 1937 at Dean, Iowa. Her father was John FREEBORN, and her Mother was Mary ____. They had 7 CH: Emmett, Mary Artie, Ina, Earl F., Ned, Orely D., and Alta. Their father came from Brown County, Ohio. Is this any help? Barb

Martha Mattie PURDUM b. 1861 Jackson Co., Kansas

jymartin — 2006-05-13 19:48:40Z

I am searching for the parents of my great grandmother Martha (Mattie) Purdum born 11/4/1861 in Jackson Co., Kansas, died in Wilson Co., Kansas 7/22/1903. She was married to Albert Lewis blakley and had 12 children. The youngest Ralph and Ray were twins born March 8, 1902 , Ray died March 18,1902. My mother said Mattie's father was a Methodist preacher.

June Martin

windy2323@yahoo.com

Re: Thomas PYRDUM, son of Daisy - Tennessee

2006-05-13 19:15:46Z

Give me some dates on each, birth,death, marriage and place if known or about dates.

PURDOMs in Helena, MT and Seattle, WA

2006-05-13 19:15:04Z

WE CAME FROM HELENA MONTANA IN 1989 BEEN HERE SINCE

Virginia (Purdom) Catlin - 1910 to 2006 obit

smiley73070 — 2006-05-13 19:14:26Z

...From The Norman Transcript, in Norman, Oklahoma
March 30, 2006

Virginia Catlin, 96, of Norman, died Monday, March 27, at Brookhaven Extensive Care facility in Norman. Services will be held at 10:30 a.m., Friday, March 31, at Havenbrook Funeral Home Chapel with Rev. Mike Bumgarner officiating. Burial will follow at the Resurrection Memorial Cemetery in Oklahoma City. Services are under the direction of Havenbrook Funeral Home of Norman.

Mrs. Catlin was born Feb. 16, 1910, on a farm in Washington County Ky., near Lebanon, the second daughter of Leslie and Lottie Purdom. At the age of four she moved to a farm outside Blackwell, where she lived until she graduated from Blackwell High School, in 1926. After graduation she attended Central State College (now the University of Central Oklahoma) in Edmond for one year. She taught for a year at a one-room rural elementary school near Bethel, and then moved to Tulsa, where she married James Darrah Catlin, Jr. on March 15, 1931. They had one son, John (Jack). In 1957 Mrs. Catlin moved to Oklahoma City, where she lived until March, 2002, when she moved to Norman.

A lifelong housewife, she enjoyed her family, friends, gardening, reading and bridge.

She was preceded in death by her parents, husband, elder sister, Belle Walker, and niece, Nancy Roberts.

She is survived by her son, Jack, and his wife, Donna, of Norman; granddaughter, Virginia Storm, and her husband, Scott; and three great-grandchildren, Sarah, Joshua and Jonathan Storm of North Africa.

Online condolences may be posted at www.havenbrookfuneralhome.com/Obituaries.html.

***RAOGK***

Purdom's in Bootheel Missouri

2006-05-13 03:01:51Z

John Dan Purdom b Sept 8 1900 in Harviell, MO in Butler County. He married Nora E Campbell in Nov 1922. John's siblings are: Tom Lee Purdom, Ogal Purdom Shoemaker. Half siblings: Dollie Zack, Bennie, Dona Hecht.

His father's name was Nathan Wesley Purdom b 16 July 1868 in Ripley County MO and buried in Woodlawn Cemetary in Poplar Bluff MO. He married Martha A Pennington and his first wife possibly was P. A. Turner. Nathan's father's name was Benjamin Purdom b @1844 in KY and married Julie Ann Catherine Foster.

I have some vocal history of Nathan's family, but I do not have information documented yet. Any family connections, please email me at JECE1984@aol.com

Purdom's in Bootheel Missouri

2006-05-13 03:01:21Z

Re: Benjamin C (son) Cornelius W PURDOM (father)

arizonamama — 2006-05-13 03:00:55Z

My husband's name is Edward B. Neel son of Edward W. Neel and they were from Norfork Ark and Mountain HOme area if you are a part of the Neel ancestry please let me know i am trying to get the Neel family tree done for my kids email me at arizonamama@shaw.ca

Re: Benjamin C (son) Cornelius W PURDOM (father)

2006-05-13 03:00:37Z

I only have Cornelius (Neely) William Purdom b. 1810.
Parents were Benjamin Purdom, 1784 - 1811 and Tabitha Hopkins.

William Howard Purdom married second time to Nancy Ella Hopkins. 1775-1836. Her mother was a Murphy. Tom and Albert Hopkins of Coffee Cty, TN were relatives.